Understanding the ESV Translation Changes: What Do Women Want According to Genesis 3:16?
In the world of biblical translation, few topics stir as much discussion as the interpretation of Genesis 3:16. This passage, which speaks to the dynamics of male and female relationships, has recently garnered renewed attention due to changes in the English Standard Version (ESV) of the Bible. The ESV, a translation favored by many conservative denominations, altered the wording of this verse in 2016 and then reverted to its original phrasing in 2023. This article explores the implications of these changes and what they reveal about our understanding of women’s desires in a biblical context.
Genesis 3:16 reads, "To the woman he said, ‘I will surely multiply your pain in childbearing; in pain you shall bring forth children. Your desire shall be for your husband, and he shall rule over you.’" This passage has sparked debates for decades, especially concerning the phrase "your desire shall be for your husband."
In 2016, the ESV translation team changed this to "Your desire shall be contrary to your husband, but he shall rule over you." This alteration aligned with a specific interpretation that suggested women’s desires were inherently opposed to their husbands. This interpretation was influenced by feminist theological discussions from the 1970s, particularly the work of Susan Foh, who argued that the word "desire" (teshuquah) indicates a desire to control or dominate.
However, this interpretation faced criticism. The original Hebrew word "teshuquah" appears in only a few other biblical contexts, such as Genesis 4:7, where it describes sin’s desire to control Cain, and in Song of Solomon 7:10, where it conveys a sense of romantic longing. The context of Genesis 3:16 suggests a more relational dynamic rather than one of opposition.
In 2023, the ESV reverted to the original translation, which many scholars believe best captures the intent of the Hebrew text. By returning to "Your desire shall be for your husband," the ESV aligns itself with a more traditional understanding of the passage, suggesting a longing for connection rather than conflict. This change reflects a broader theological perspective that seeks to honor the relational nature of marriage as intended in Scripture.
This discussion is not merely academic; it has real implications for how we understand gender roles within the church and society. The original context of Genesis emphasizes the partnership intended between men and women, highlighting both the challenges and the beauty of these relationships.
In the New Testament, we see Jesus affirming the dignity and worth of women, breaking cultural barriers and offering a radical view of love and respect. The Gospels depict women as active participants in Jesus’ ministry, further underscoring that the desires of women are not only valid but essential to the Christian narrative.
As we consider the question, "What do women want?" it is crucial to recognize that the answer is rooted in a desire for authentic relationships, both with their husbands and with God. The shifting translations of Genesis 3:16 remind us that our understanding of Scripture must continually evolve as we seek to grasp the heart of God’s message.
In conclusion, the recent changes in the ESV translation of Genesis 3:16 serve as a reminder of the importance of accurate biblical interpretation. They challenge us to reflect on the dynamics of gender relationships in light of Scripture and to appreciate the depth of women’s desires as they seek connection, purpose, and fulfillment in Christ. For further reading on biblical interpretation and gender roles, consider exploring resources from the Gospel Coalition and Desiring God, which offer insightful perspectives on these important topics.